\documentclass[reqno]{amsart}
\usepackage{hyperref}

\AtBeginDocument{{\noindent\small
\emph{Electronic Journal of Differential Equations},
Vol. 2016 (2016), No. 50, pp. 1--9.\newline
ISSN: 1072-6691. URL: http://ejde.math.txstate.edu or http://ejde.math.unt.edu
\newline ftp ejde.math.txstate.edu}
\thanks{\copyright 2016 Texas State University.}
\vspace{9mm}}

\begin{document}
\title[\hfilneg EJDE-2016/50\hfil Existence of positive radial solutions]
{Existence of positive radial solutions for
 quasilinear elliptic equations and  systems}

\author[Z. Zhang \hfil EJDE-2016/50\hfilneg]
{Zhijun Zhang}

\address{Zhijun Zhang \newline
School of Mathematics and Information Science,
Yantai University,
Yantai 264005, Shandong, China}
\email{chinazjzhang2002@163.com,  zhangzj@ytu.edu.cn}

\thanks{Submitted November 23, 2015. Published February 17, 2016.}
\subjclass[2010]{35J55, 35J60, 35J65}
\keywords{Quasilinear elliptic equation; radial solutions; existence}

\begin{abstract}
 Under simple conditions on $f$ and $g$, we
 show that existence of positive radial solutions
 for the quasilinear elliptic equation
 \[
 \operatorname{div}(\phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u)=a(|x|)f(u) \quad 
  x\in \mathbb{R}^N,
 \]
 and for the system
 \begin{gather*}
 \operatorname{div}(\phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u)=a(|x|)f(v) \quad 
  x\in \mathbb{R}^N, \\
 \operatorname{div}(\phi_2(|\nabla v|) \nabla v) =b(|x|)g(u)\quad  
 x\in \mathbb{R}^N\,.
 \end{gather*}
\end{abstract}

\maketitle
\numberwithin{equation}{section}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{remark}[theorem]{Remark}
\allowdisplaybreaks

\section{Introduction}

The purpose of this article is to study the existence of
positive radial solutions to the  quasilinear elliptic equation
\begin{equation}\label{e1.1}
  \Delta_{\phi_1}u:=\operatorname{div} (\phi_1(|\nabla u|)
\nabla u)=a(|x|)f(u),\quad  x\in \mathbb{R}^N,
   \end{equation}
and for the system
\begin{equation}\label{e1.2}
\begin{gathered}
 \operatorname{div}(\phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u)=a(|x|)f(v),\quad x
\in \mathbb{R}^N, \\
\operatorname{div}(\phi_2(|\nabla v|) \nabla v)=b(|x|)g(u),
\quad  x \in \mathbb{R}^N.
\end{gathered}
 \end{equation}
In this article by a solution we mean a solution on the entire domain,
as opposed to a local solution. 
To emphasize this property some authors use  entire solution,
while others use global solution.
We assume the following assumptions:
\begin{itemize}
\item[(A1)]   $a, b: \mathbb{R}^N \to  [0,\infty)$ are
continuous;
\item[(A2)]  $f, g: [0,\infty)\to   [0,\infty)$ are continuous and increasing,

\item[(A3)] $\phi_i\in C^1((0, \infty), (0, \infty))$ ($i=1, 2$) satisfy
 $(t \phi_i(t))'>0$, for all $t>0$;

\item[(A4)]  there exist $p_i, q_i > 1$   such that
$$
p_i \leq  \frac {t \Psi_i'(t)}{\Psi_i(t)} \leq q_i, \quad \forall t > 0,
$$
where $\Psi_i(t) = \int_0^t s \phi_i(s)ds$, $t>0$;

\item[(A5)] there exist $k_i, l_i > 0$   such that
$$
k_i \leq  \frac {t \Psi_i ''(t)}{\Psi_i'(t)} \leq l_i, \quad  \forall t > 0.
$$
 \end{itemize}
The function $\phi_1$  appears in
mathematical models in nonlinear elasticity, plasticity, generalized
Newtonian fluids, and in quantum physics, see e.g.,  Benci,
Fortunato and  Pisani \cite{BFP},  Cencelj,  Repov\v{s} and Virk
\cite{CE},  Fuchs and Li \cite{FL}, Fuchs and  Osmolovski \cite{FO},  
 Fukagai and  Narukawa \cite{FN1}, R\u{a}dulescu  \cite{RA1} and \cite{RA2}, 
R\u{a}dulescu and Repov\u{s} \cite{RA3},
Repov\u{s} \cite{RE}, Zhang and Yuan \cite{ZY} and
Fukagai and Narukawa \cite{FN2}.

Positive  solutions to  \eqref{e1.1} were
first  considered by  Santos,  Zhou and  Santos \cite{SAN}.
Some classical examples of  $\phi_1$-Laplacian functions are:
\begin{itemize}
\item[(1)] when $\phi_1(t)\equiv 2$,
    $\Psi_1(t)=t^2$, $t>0$,
    $\Delta_{\phi_1} u =\Delta u$ is the Laplacian operator.
    In this case,
$p_1=q_1=2$ in (A4), and  $k_1=l_1=1$ in  (A5);

\item[(2)]  when $\phi_1(t)=pt^{p-2}$,
$\Psi_1(t)=t^p$, $t>0$, $p>1$,
    $\Delta_{\phi_1} u =\Delta_p u$ is the $p$-Laplacian operator.
    In this case,
$p_1=q_1=p$ in (A4), and $k_1=l_1=p-1$ in  (A5);

\item[(3)]  when $\phi_1(t)=pt^{p-2}+qt^{q-2}$,
$\Psi_1(t)=t^p+t^q$, $t>0$, $1<p<q$,
    $\Delta_{\phi_1} u =\Delta_p u+\Delta_q u$
    is called as  the $(p+q)$-Laplacian operator,
$p_1=p$, $q_1=q$ in (A4), and $k_1=p-1$, $l_1=q-1$ in
(A5);

\item[(4)]  when $\phi_1(t)=2p(1+t^2)^{p-1}$,
$\Psi_1(t)=(1+t^2)^p-1$, $t>0$, $p>1/2$,    $p_1=\min\{2, 2p \}$,
$q_1=\max\{2, 2p \}$ in (A4), and
$k_1=\min\{1, 2p-1\}$, $l_1=\max\{1, 2p-1 \}$ in (A5);

\item[(5)]   when $\phi_1(t)=  \frac {p(\sqrt{1+t^2}-1)^{p-1}}{\sqrt{1+t^2}}$,
 $\Psi_1(t)=(\sqrt{1+t^2}-1)^p$, $t>0$, $p>1$,
        $p_1=p$, $q_1=2p$ in (A4), and $k_1=p-1$,  $l_1=2p-1$
in (A5);

\item[(6)]  when $\phi_1(t)=p t^{p-2} (\ln (1+t))^q
+\frac {q t^{p-1} (\ln (1+t))^{q-1}}{1+t}$, $\Psi_1(t)=t^{p} (\ln
(1+t))^q$,   $t>0$, $p>1$, $q>0$, $p_1=p$, $q_1=p+q$ in (A4), and $k_1=p-1$,
 $l_1=p+q-1$ in (A5).
  \end{itemize}

We say that $u\in C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ is a
  solution  of \eqref{e1.1} if
  $$
\int_{\mathbb{R}^N} \phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u \nabla \psi dx
  =-\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}a(x)f(u)\psi dx,\quad \forall
\psi\in C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}^N).
$$
When $\lim_{|x|\to \infty}u(x)=+\infty$, we say
that $u$ is a large  solution to equation \eqref{e1.1}.

For convenience,  we denote by
\begin{gather}\label{e1.3}
h_i^{-1}  \text{ the  inverses  of } h_i(t)=t \phi_i(t),\quad t>0; \\
\label{e1.4}
I_{i\rho}(\infty):=\lim_{r\to \infty}I_{i\rho}(r),\quad
I_{i\rho}(r):=\int_0^r h_i^{-1}(\Lambda_\rho(t))dt,\quad r\geq 0,
 \end{gather}
where $\rho\in C([0, \infty), [0, \infty))$ and
 \begin{gather}\label{e1.5}
\Lambda_\rho(t):=t^{1-N} \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}\rho(s) ds, \quad t>0; \\
\label{e1.6}
\theta_i(t):= \min\{t^{p_i}, t^{q_i}\}, \quad
 \Theta_i(t) := \max\{t^{p_i}, t^{q_i}\},
 \quad  t \geq 0; \\
\label{e1.7}
\theta_i^{-1}(t):= \min\{t^{1/{p_i}}, t^{1/{q_i}}\}, \quad
 \Theta_i^{-1}(t):= \max\{t^{1/{p_i}}, t^{1/{q_i}}\}, \quad
  t \geq 0;
 \end{gather}
and, for an arbitrary $\alpha>0$ and $t\geq \alpha$,
 \begin{gather}\label{e1.8}
 H_{1\alpha}(\infty):=\lim_{t\to \infty}H_{1\alpha}(t),\quad
H_{1\alpha}(t):=\int_{\alpha}^t\frac {d\tau}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(\tau))}; \\
\label{e1.9}
H_{2\alpha}(\infty):=\lim_{t\to \infty}H_{2\alpha}(t),\quad
H_{2\alpha}(t):=\int_{\alpha}^t\frac {d\tau}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(\tau))
+\Theta_2^{-1}(g(\tau))}.
\end{gather}
 We see that for $t>\alpha$,
\begin{gather*}
H_{1\alpha}'(t)=\frac {1}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(t))}>0,\\
H_{2\alpha}'(t)=\frac  {1}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(t))+\Theta_2^{-1}(g(t))}>0,
\end{gather*}
 and that $H_{1\alpha}, H_{2\alpha}$ have the inverse
functions $H_{1\alpha}^{-1}$ and $H_{2\alpha}^{-1}$ on
$[0,H_{1\alpha}(\infty))$ and
 $[0, H_{2\alpha}(\infty))$, respectively.

First, let us review the model
\begin{equation}\label{e1.10}
\Delta u  =a(|x|)f(u),  \quad  x \in \mathbb{R}^N.
\end{equation}
For $a(x)\equiv 1$ on $\mathbb{R}^N$: when  $f$ satisfies
  (A2),  Keller \cite{KE} and  Osserman \cite{OS}  supplied
a necessary and sufficient condition
 \begin{equation}\label{e1.11}
 \int_1^\infty
\frac{dt}{\sqrt{2F(t)}}=\infty, \quad  F(t)=\int_0^t f(s) ds,
\end{equation}
for the existence of  positive radial
large   solutions   to  \eqref{e1.10}.

   For $N\geq3$, $f(u)=u^\gamma$, $\gamma\in (0, 1]$, and $a$  satisfies
(A1) with $a(x)=a(|x|)$, Lair and
Wood \cite{LW1} first showed that equation \eqref{e1.10} has
infinitely  many  positive radial large solutions if and only if
\begin{equation}\label{e1.12}
\int_0^\infty r a(r)dr=\infty.
\end{equation}
 The above results have been extended by many authors and in
many contexts, see, for instance,
\cite{BZ,BR1,BR2,DGG,EMH,LW2,LAIR2,TZ,YANG,YZ}  and the references therein.

 Next we review the system
\begin{equation}\label{e1.13}
\begin{gathered}
\Delta u=a(x)f(v),\quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N, \\
\Delta v=b(x)g(u),\quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N.
\end{gathered}
\end{equation}
 When  $N\geq3$,  $f(v)=v^{\gamma_1}$,  $g(u)=u^{\gamma_2}$,
  $0<\gamma_1\leq \gamma_2$, and $a(x)=a(|x|)$, $b(x)=b(|x|)$, Lair
and Wood \cite{LW3} have considered the existence and nonexistence
of  positive radial solutions to  system \eqref{e1.13}.
For further  results, see for instance,
\cite{AM,BS,BEN1,BEN2,CR,GMRZ,LAIR3,LAIR4,LZZ,WW,Z1,Z2}
    and the references therein.

Now we return to  equation \eqref{e1.1}.
Recently, Santos, Zhou and  Santos \cite{SAN}
considered the  existence of  positive radial and  nonradial
    large solutions to equation
$$
\operatorname{div}(\phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u)
=a(x)f(u), \quad  x\in \mathbb{R}^N.
$$
A basic result read as follows.

\begin{lemma}[{\cite[Corollary 1.2]{SAN}}] \label{Lem1.1}
Let {\rm (A3)--(A5)} hold,   $f$ satisfy {\rm (A2)},
and $a$ satisfy {\rm (A1)} with $a(x)=a(|x|)$ for
 $x\in \mathbb{R}^N$. If
 $$
I_{1a}(\infty)=\infty,
$$
then \eqref{e1.1}  admits a
sequence of symmetric radial large solutions
$u_m(|x|) \in  C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ with $u_m(0)\to \infty$   as
$m \to \infty$ if and only if
$f$   satisfies
$$
\int_1^\infty\frac {dt}{\Psi_1^{-1}(F(t))}=\infty,
$$
where $\Psi_1^{-1}$  is the inverse of $\Psi_1$ which is given in
{\rm (A4)}.
 \end{lemma}

  Inspired by  the above works, by using  a monotone
iterative method and  Arzela-Ascoli theorem,
 we  show  existence of  positive  radial solutions
to equation \eqref{e1.1} and system \eqref{e1.2} under simple
conditions   on $f$ and $g$.
 Our main results for equation \eqref{e1.1} read as  follows.

\begin{theorem}\label{Thm1.1}
Let {\rm (A1)--(A5)}  hold. If
\begin{itemize}
\item[(A6)]    $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$,
\end{itemize}
  then  \eqref{e1.1}  has a  positive  radial solution
$u \in C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$. Moreover, if $I_{1a}(\infty)<\infty$, then $u$ is
bounded,  and $\lim _{r\to \infty} u(r)=\infty$ provided
 $I_{1a}(\infty)=\infty$.
\end{theorem}

 \begin{theorem}\label{Thm1.2}
Under assumptions {\rm(A1)--(A5)} and
\begin{itemize}
\item[(A7)]  $I_{1a}(\infty)<H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$,
\end{itemize}
 equation \eqref{e1.1} has a  positive
radial bounded solution $u \in C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ satisfying
$$
\alpha +\theta_1^{-1}(f(\alpha))I_{1a}(r)
\leq u(r)\leq H_{1\alpha}^{-1}(I_{1a}(r)),\quad \forall
r\geq 0,
$$
where $\theta_1^{-1}$ is given in \eqref{e1.7}.
\end{theorem}

\begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.1} \rm
When $\int_0^1\frac{d\tau}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(\tau))}=\infty$,  there exists
$\alpha>0$ sufficiently small such that  (A7) holds
provided
 $I_{1a}(\infty)<\infty$ and $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$.
 \end{remark}

\begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.2} \rm
For $f(s)=s^{\gamma_1}$ with $s\geq 0$,
$\gamma_1>0$, since  $\Theta_1^{-1}(t) =\frac{1}{p_1}$, $t\geq 1$,
one can see that when $\gamma_1>p_1$, $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$,
and $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$ provided
 $\gamma_1 \leq p_1$, where $p_1$ is given as in (A4).
 \end{remark}

\begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.3} \rm
For $f(s)=(1+s)^{\gamma_1}  (\ln (1+s))^{\mu_1}$ with $s\geq 0$,
$\mu_1, \gamma_1>0$,  one can see that when $\gamma_1>p_1$ or
$\gamma_1=p_1$ and $\mu_1>p_1$, $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$, and
$H_{1\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$ provided
 $\gamma_1 < p_1$ or $\gamma_1 = p_1$ and $\mu_1 \leq p_1$.
 \end{remark}

 \begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.4} \rm
For $f(s)=\exp (c_1 s)$, $s\geq 0$,
$c_1>0$, one can see that $H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$.
 \end{remark}

 Our main results for system  \eqref{e1.2} are as follows.

\begin{theorem}\label{Thm1.3}
Let {\rm (A1)--(A5)}  hold. If
\begin{itemize}
\item[(A8)]   $H_{2\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$,
\end{itemize}
then  \eqref{e1.2} has a positive  radial solution
$(u,v)$ in $ C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)\times C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$. Moreover,  when
$I_{1a}(\infty)+I_{2b}(\infty)<\infty$, $u$ and $v$ are bounded;
when $I_a(\infty)=I_b(\infty)=\infty$,
$\lim _{r\to \infty} u(r)=\lim _{r\to \infty}v(r)=\infty$.
\end{theorem}

 \begin{theorem}\label{Thm1.4}
Under  hypotheses {\rm (A1)--(A5)} and
\begin{itemize}
\item[(A9)]
$$
I_{1a}(\infty)+I_{2b}(\infty)<H_{2\alpha}(\infty)<\infty,
$$
\end{itemize}
 system  \eqref{e1.2} has a positive   radial bounded  solution
 $(u,v)$ in $C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)\times C^1(\mathbb{R}^N)$ satisfying
\begin{gather*}
\alpha/2 + \theta_1^{-1}(f(\alpha/2))I_{1a}(r)\leq u(r)\leq
H_{2\alpha}^{-1} (I_{1a}(r)+I_{2b}(r)), \quad  \forall
r\geq 0;\\
\alpha/2 +\theta_2^{-1}(g( \alpha/2))I_{2b}(r)\leq v(r)\leq
H_{2\alpha}^{-1}(I_{1a}(r)+I_{2b}(r)), \quad \forall
r\geq0.
\end{gather*}
\end{theorem}

\begin{remark} \label{Rmk1.5} \rm
By a similar  proof, we can see extend Theorems  \ref{Thm1.3} and \ref{Thm1.4}
to the more general system
\begin{equation}\label{e1.14}
\begin{gathered}
 \operatorname{div}(\phi_1(|\nabla u|) \nabla u)=a(|x|)f_1(v)f_2(u),\ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N, \\
\operatorname{div}(\phi_2(|\nabla v|) \nabla v)=b(|x|)g_1(v)g_2(u),\ \ x \in
\mathbb{R}^N,
\end{gathered}
 \end{equation}
where $f_i, g_i$  ($i = 1, 2$) satisfy (A2).
\end{remark}

\begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.6} \rm
For $f(s)=s^{\gamma_1}$,
$g(s)=s^{\gamma_2}$, $s\geq 0$, $\gamma_1, \gamma_2>0$, when
$\gamma_1>p_1$ or $\gamma_2> p_2$, $H_{2\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$, and
$H_{2\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$ provided
 $\gamma_1\leq p_1$ and  $\gamma_2\leq p_2$, where $p_1$ and $p_2$
are given as in (A4).
 \end{remark}

 \begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.7} \rm
 For $f(s)=(1+s)^{\gamma_1}  (\ln (1+s))^{\mu_1}$,
$g(s)=(1+s)^{\gamma_2} (\ln (1+s))^{\mu_2}$, $s\geq 0$,
$\gamma_i, \mu_i>0$  ($i=1, 2$), when $\gamma_1>p_1$ or $\gamma_2> p_2$;
 or $\gamma_1=p_1$ and  $\eta_1> p_1$; or
  $\gamma_2=p_2$ and  $\eta_2> p_2$, $H_{2\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$, and
$H_{2\alpha}(\infty)=\infty$ provided
 $\gamma_1<p_1$ and  $\gamma_2<p_2$; or
$\gamma_1=p_1$, $\eta_1\leq p_1$ and $\gamma_2=p_2$,
$\eta_2 \leq p_2$.
 \end{remark}

 \begin{remark}\label{Rmk1.8} \rm
For $f(s)=\exp (c_1s)$ or   $g(s)=\exp (c_2s)$, $s\geq 0$, $c_1, c_2>0$,
one can see that $H_{2\alpha}(\infty)<\infty$.
 \end{remark}

\section{Proof of Theorems \ref{Thm1.1} and \ref{Thm1.2}}

 \begin{lemma}[{\cite[Lemma 2.2]{SAN}}] \label{Lem2.1}
 Let {\rm (A3)--(A5)} hold,  $\theta_i, \Theta_i$  and
  $\theta_i^{-1}, \Theta_i^{-1}$  ($i=1, 2$)  be given as in
 \eqref{e1.6} and \eqref{e1.7}. We have
\begin{itemize}
\item[(i)] $\theta_i$, $\Theta_i$,
  $\theta_i^{-1}$ and $\Theta_i^{-1}$ are strictly increasing on
$(0,  \infty)$;

\item[(ii)] $\theta_i^{-1}(\beta)h_i^{-1}
 (t)\leq h_i^{-1}(\beta t)\leq \Theta_i^{-1}(\beta)h_i^{-1}(t)$,  for all
 $\beta, t>0$.
 \end{itemize}
\end{lemma}

Let us  consider the  initial value problem
\begin{equation}\label{e2.1}
\begin{gathered}
  \big(r^{N-1}\phi_1(u'(r))u'(r)\big)'=r^{N-1}a(r)f(u),\quad r>0, \\
 u(0)=  \alpha,\quad u'(0)=0,
\end{gathered}
 \end{equation}
by a simple calculation,
\begin{equation}\label{e2.2}
 u'(r)=h_1^{-1}\big(   r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s)f(u(s)) ds\big),\quad r> 0, \quad
 u(0)=\alpha,
 \end{equation}
and thus
 \begin{equation}\label{e2.3}
 u(r)=\alpha+\int_{0}^{r}h_1^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}a(s)f(u(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0.
 \end{equation}
Note that  solutions in  $C[0, \infty)$ to problem \eqref{e2.3}  are
solutions in $C^1[0,  \infty)$ to problem \eqref{e2.1}.

Let $\{u_{m}\}_{m\geq 1}$
be the sequence of positive continuous functions defined on $[0,\infty)$ by
\begin{equation}\label{e2.4}
\begin{gathered}
 u_{0}(r)=\alpha, \\
 u_m(r)=\alpha+\int_{0}^{r}h_1^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}a(s)f(u_{m-1}(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0.
\end{gathered}
\end{equation}
Obviously,
\begin{equation}\label{e2.5}
u_m'(r)=h_1^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s)f(u_{m-1}(s)) ds\big),\quad r>0,
 \end{equation}
and,  for all $ r\geq 0$ and $m\in {\mathbb{N}}$,
$u_{m}(r)\geq \alpha$, and $u_0\leq u_1$.
Then (A1)--(A3) and Lemma \ref{Lem2.1}  yield $u_1(r)\leq u_2(r)$ for all $r\geq 0$.
Continuing this line of reasoning, we obtain that the sequence
$\{u_m\}$ is non-decreasing on $[0, \infty)$. Moreover, we obtain by
(A1)--(A3)  and Lemma \ref{Lem2.1}
 that for each $r>0$,
\begin{align*}
u_m'(r)&=h_1^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s)f(u_{m-1}(s)) ds\big)\\
&\leq h_1^{-1}\big(f(u_{m}(r))   r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s) ds\big)\\
&\leq  \Theta_1^{-1}(f(u_{m}(r))) h_1^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s) ds\big),
\end{align*}
and
\[
\int_{a}^{u_m (r)}\frac {d\tau}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(\tau))}\leq
I_{1a}(r).
\]
Consequently, for an arbitrary $R>0$,
 \begin{equation}\label{e2.6}
H_{1\alpha}(u_m(r))\leq I_{1a}(r)\leq I_{1a}(R), \quad \forall r\in [0,R].
\end{equation}
(i)  When (A6) holds,  we see that
 \begin{equation}\label{e2.7}
H_{1\alpha}^{-1}(\infty)=\infty,\quad
 u_m(r)\leq H_{1\alpha}^{-1}(I_{1a}(r))\leq H_{1\alpha}^{-1}
 (I_{1a}(R)),\quad \forall r\in [0, R],
\end{equation}
 i.e.,  the sequence $\{u_m\}$ is  bounded on $[0, R]$
 for an arbitrary $R>0$.

It follows from \eqref{e2.5}  that  $\{u_m'\}$  is bounded on $[0,R]$.
By the Arzela-Ascoli theorem, $\{u_m\}$ has a subsequence converging
uniformly to $u$ on $[0, R]$. Since $\{u_m\}$ is non-decreasing on
$[0, \infty), $  we see that $\{u_m\}$ itself converges uniformly to
$u$ on $[0, R]$. By the arbitrariness of $R$, we see that $u$ is a
positive radial solution to equation \eqref{e1.1}. Moreover,
when $I_{1a}(\infty)<\infty$, we see by \eqref{e2.7} that
$$
u(r)\leq H_{1\alpha}^{-1}(I_{1a}(\infty)),\quad \forall r\geq 0;
$$
when $I_{1a}(\infty)=\infty,$  we see  by (A2) and Lemma \ref{Lem2.1} that
$$
u(r)\geq \alpha +\theta_1^{-1}(f(\alpha))I_{1a}(r), \quad
\forall r\geq0.
$$
Thus $\lim _{r\to \infty} u(r)=\infty$.
\smallskip

\noindent (ii)  When (A7) holds,  we see  by \eqref{e2.6} that
\begin{equation}\label{e2.8}
  H_{1\alpha}(u_m(r))\leq I_{1a}(\infty)<H_{1\alpha}(\infty)<\infty.
\end{equation}
 Since $H_{1\alpha}^{-1}$ is strictly increasing on $[0, H_{1\alpha}(\infty))$,
we have
\begin{equation}\label{e2.9}
u_m(r)\leq H_{1\alpha}^{-1}(I_{1a}(\infty))<\infty,\quad
\forall r\geq 0.
\end{equation}
 The rest  of the proof follows from  (i).

\section{Proof of Theorems \ref{Thm1.3} and \ref{Thm1.4}}

Let us consider  the  initial value problem
\begin{gather*}
  \big(r^{N-1}\phi_1(u'(r))u'(r)\big)'=r^{N-1}a(r)f(v),\quad  r>0,\\
  \big(r^{N-1}\phi_2(v'(r))v'(r)\big)'=r^{N-1}b(r)g(u),
  \quad  r>0,   \\
u(0)=v(0)=\alpha/2,\quad u'(0)=v'(0)=0,
\end{gather*}
 which is equivalent to
\begin{gather*}
 u(r)=\alpha/2+\int_{0}^{r}h_1^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}a(s)f(v(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0, \\
 v(r)=\alpha/2+\int_{0}^{r}h_2^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}b(s)g(u(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0.
\end{gather*}
 Let $\{u_{m}\}_{m\geq 1}$
and $\{v_{m}\}_{m\geq 0}$ be the sequences of positive continuous
functions defined on $[0,\infty)$ by
\begin{gather*}
 v_{0}(r)=\alpha/2, \\
 u_{m}(r)=\alpha/2+\int_{0}^{r}h_1^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}a(s)f(v_{m-1}(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0,\\
 v_{m}(r)=\alpha/2+\int_{0}^{r}h_2^{-1}\big(t^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{t} s^{N-1}b(s)g(u_{m}(s)) ds\big)dt,\quad r\geq 0.
\end{gather*}
Obviously, for all $ r\geq 0$ and $m\in {\mathbb{N}}$,
$u_{m}(r)\geq \alpha/2$,   $v_{m}(r)\geq \alpha/2$ and
$v_0\leq v_1$. Assumptions (A1)--(A3) and Lemma \ref{Lem2.1} yield
$u_1(r)\leq u_2(r)$, for all $r\geq 0$, then $v_1(r)\leq v_2(r)$,
for all $r\geq 0$. Continuing this line of reasoning, we obtain that
the sequences $\{u_m\}$ and $\{v_m\}$ are
increasing on $[0, \infty)$.
Moreover,  by (A1)-(A3) and Lemma \ref{Lem2.1} that for each $r>0$,  we obtain
\begin{align*}
u_m'(r)&=h_1^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s)f(v_{m-1}(s)) ds\big)\\
 &\leq  h_1^{-1}\big(f(v_{m}(r))r^{1-N}\int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s) ds\big)\\
 &\leq  \Theta_1^{-1}(f(v_m(r)))h_1^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}a(s) ds\big)\\
 &\leq \Theta_1^{-1}(f(u_m(r)+v_m(r)))
 (h_1^{-1}(\Lambda_a(r))+h_2^{-1}(\Lambda_b(r)));
 \end{align*}
 and
 \begin{align*}
v_m'(r)&=h_2^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}b(s)g(u_{m}(s)) ds\big)\\
 &\leq  \Theta_2^{-1}(g(u_m(r)))h_2^{-1}\big(r^{1-N}
 \int_{0}^{r} s^{N-1}b(s) ds\big)\\
&\leq \Theta_2^{-1}(g(u_m(r)+v_m(r)))
 \big(h_1^{-1}(\Lambda_a(r))+h_2^{-1}(\Lambda_b(r))\big).
\end{align*}
Consequently,
\begin{align*}
u_m'(r)+v_m'(r)
&\leq \big(\Theta_1^{-1}(f(v_m(r)+u_m(r)))\\
&\quad  +\Theta_2^{-1}(g(v_m(r)+u_m(r)))\big)
\big(h_1^{-1}(\Lambda_a(r))+h_2^{-1}(\Lambda_b(r))\big), \quad r>0,
\end{align*}
and
\begin{equation}\label{e3.1}
\begin{gathered}
 \int_{a}^{u_m(r)+v_m(r)} \frac
{d\tau}{\Theta_1^{-1}(f(\tau))+\Theta_2^{-1}(g(\tau))}\leq
I_{1a}(r)+I_{2b}(r),\quad r>0, \\
H_{2\alpha}(u_m(r)+v_m(r))\leq I_{1a}(r)+I_{2b}(r), \quad \forall r\geq
0.
\end{gathered}
\end{equation}
The remaining proofs are similar to that for Theorems \ref{Thm1.1} and \ref{Thm1.2}.
Here we omit their proof.


\subsection*{Acknowledgment}
 This work is supported in part by NSF of China
under grant 11571295.


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\end{document}
